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Explore public detection logic contributed by the community across SIEM and rule languages.
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This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, Ryuk ransomware. There is also a related blog.
Ryuk is human-operated ransomware. Much like DoppelPaymer ransomware, Ryuk is spread manually, often on networks that are already infected with Trickbot.
Ryuk operators use PsExec to manually spread the ransomware to other devices.
The following query detects remote file creation events that might indicate an active attack.
The See also section below lists links to other queries associated with Ryuk ransomware.
References:
https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/03/05/human-operated-ransomware-attacks-a-preventable-disaster/
https://www.microsoft.com/wdsi/threats/malware-encyclopedia-description?Name=Ransom:Win32/Ryuk&threatId=-2147232689
https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/03/05/human-operated-ransomware-attacks-a-preventable-disaster/
https://docs.microsoft.com/sysinternals/downloads/psexec
Ryuk is human-operated ransomware. Much like DoppelPaymer ransomware, Ryuk is spread manually, often on networks that are already infected with Trickbot.
Ryuk operators use PsExec to manually spread the ransomware to other devices.
The following query detects remote file creation events that might indicate an active attack.
The See also section below lists links to other queries associated with Ryuk ransomware.
References:
https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/03/05/human-operated-ransomware-attacks-a-preventable-disaster/
https://www.microsoft.com/wdsi/threats/malware-encyclopedia-description?Name=Ransom:Win32/Ryuk&threatId=-2147232689
https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/03/05/human-operated-ransomware-attacks-a-preventable-disaster/
https://docs.microsoft.com/sysinternals/downloads/psexec
This query identifies files that are copied to a device over SMB, then executed within a
specified threshold. Default is 5 seconds, but is configurable by tweaking the value for
ToleranceInSeconds.
specified threshold. Default is 5 seconds, but is configurable by tweaking the value for
ToleranceInSeconds.
This query looks for signs of impacket psexec module usage. May hit other psexec-like techniques too.
Author: Jouni Mikkola
More info: https://threathunt.blog/impacket-psexec/
Author: Jouni Mikkola
More info: https://threathunt.blog/impacket-psexec/
This query looks for signs of credential dumping based on process activity instead of targeting process names.
Author: Jouni Mikkola
More info: https://threathunt.blog/lsass-credential-dumping/
Author: Jouni Mikkola
More info: https://threathunt.blog/lsass-credential-dumping/
Look for links opened from outlook.exe, followed by a browser download and then a SmartScreen app warning that was ignored by the user.
Read more about these events and this hunting approach in this post: https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/forums/editpage/board-id/WDATPActor/message-id/34.
Data availability: SmartScreen events are available only on Windows 10 version 1703 and onwards.
Tags: #EmailLink, #BrowserDownload, #SmartScreen.
Read more about these events and this hunting approach in this post: https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/forums/editpage/board-id/WDATPActor/message-id/34.
Data availability: SmartScreen events are available only on Windows 10 version 1703 and onwards.
Tags: #EmailLink, #BrowserDownload, #SmartScreen.
Use this query to locate persistence in Startup with HTA files.
First query digs in print spooler drivers folder for any file creations,
MANY OF THE FILES THAT SHOULD COME UP HERE MAY BE LEGIT. Unsigned files
or ones that don't have any relations to printers that you are using are
suspicious.
Second query that can be used for finding client machines that
could be operating print servers or file servers is also included here.
As additional mitigation for the exploit you might want to block the
incoming traffic to the SMB or EPMAP Ports (445) if you need to keep the
spooler service running to print from clients.
MANY OF THE FILES THAT SHOULD COME UP HERE MAY BE LEGIT. Unsigned files
or ones that don't have any relations to printers that you are using are
suspicious.
Second query that can be used for finding client machines that
could be operating print servers or file servers is also included here.
As additional mitigation for the exploit you might want to block the
incoming traffic to the SMB or EPMAP Ports (445) if you need to keep the
spooler service running to print from clients.
First query digs in print spooler drivers folder for any file creations,
MANY OF THE FILES THAT SHOULD COME UP HERE MAY BE LEGIT. Unsigned files
or ones that don't have any relations to printers that you are using are
suspicious.
Second query that can be used for finding client machines that
could be operating print servers or file servers is also included here.
As additional mitigation for the exploit you might want to block the
incoming traffic to the SMB or EPMAP Ports (445) if you need to keep the
spooler service running to print from clients.
MANY OF THE FILES THAT SHOULD COME UP HERE MAY BE LEGIT. Unsigned files
or ones that don't have any relations to printers that you are using are
suspicious.
Second query that can be used for finding client machines that
could be operating print servers or file servers is also included here.
As additional mitigation for the exploit you might want to block the
incoming traffic to the SMB or EPMAP Ports (445) if you need to keep the
spooler service running to print from clients.
'Dev-0530 actors are known to encrypt the contents of the victims device as well as renaming the file extensions. This query looks for the creation of files with .h0lyenc extension or presence of ransom note.'
This query looks for lnk file executions from other locations than C: -drive, which can relate to mounted ISO-files.
Reference - https://threathunt.blog/detecting-a-payload-delivered-with-iso-files-using-mde/
Reference - https://threathunt.blog/detecting-a-payload-delivered-with-iso-files-using-mde/
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, EvilQuest signals the rise of Mac ransomware.
As of the time of this writing (October 2020), ransomware designed to target macOS is relatively rare. EvilQuest is one of the few examples of this kind of malware on the platform.
The query below can detect the creation of a ransom note according to the typical methods of EvilQuest operators. The command the query searches for is associated with, but not definitely indicative of, EvilQuest infections.
Other queries related to EvilQuest ransomware can be found under the See also section below.
As of the time of this writing (October 2020), ransomware designed to target macOS is relatively rare. EvilQuest is one of the few examples of this kind of malware on the platform.
The query below can detect the creation of a ransom note according to the typical methods of EvilQuest operators. The command the query searches for is associated with, but not definitely indicative of, EvilQuest infections.
Other queries related to EvilQuest ransomware can be found under the See also section below.
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, Doppelpaymer: More human-operated ransomware. There is also a related blog.
DoppelPaymer is ransomware that is spread manually by human operators. These operators have exhibited extensive knowledge of system administration and common network security misconfigurations. They often use stolen credentials from over-privileged service accounts to turn off security software, run malicious commands, and spread malware throughout an organization. More specifically, they use common remote execution tools, such as PsExec, to move laterally and distribute ransomware.
The following query detects suspicious usage of PsExec to create files on a remote device.
The See also section below lists links to other queries associated with DoppelPaymer.
References:
https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2019/11/20/customer-guidance-for-the-dopplepaymer-ransomware/
https://www.microsoft.com/wdsi/threats/malware-encyclopedia-description?Name=Trojan:Win32/DoppelPaymer!MTB&threatId=-2147205372
https://docs.microsoft.com/sysinternals/downloads/psexec
DoppelPaymer is ransomware that is spread manually by human operators. These operators have exhibited extensive knowledge of system administration and common network security misconfigurations. They often use stolen credentials from over-privileged service accounts to turn off security software, run malicious commands, and spread malware throughout an organization. More specifically, they use common remote execution tools, such as PsExec, to move laterally and distribute ransomware.
The following query detects suspicious usage of PsExec to create files on a remote device.
The See also section below lists links to other queries associated with DoppelPaymer.
References:
https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2019/11/20/customer-guidance-for-the-dopplepaymer-ransomware/
https://www.microsoft.com/wdsi/threats/malware-encyclopedia-description?Name=Trojan:Win32/DoppelPaymer!MTB&threatId=-2147205372
https://docs.microsoft.com/sysinternals/downloads/psexec
This query shows the source of the AV detections (e.g., the website the file was downloaded from etc.).
Get the list of AV detections.
Get the list of AV detections.
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, OSX/SurfBuyer adware campaign.
It will return results if a shell script has furtively attempted to decode and save a file to a /tmp folder.
If discovered on your system, this kind of activity might be associated with SurfBuyer, which is adware that installs a browser extension to take control of several major web browsers, including Safari, Google Chrome, and Firefox.
It will return results if a shell script has furtively attempted to decode and save a file to a /tmp folder.
If discovered on your system, this kind of activity might be associated with SurfBuyer, which is adware that installs a browser extension to take control of several major web browsers, including Safari, Google Chrome, and Firefox.
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, Solorigate supply chain attack. Please note that these attacks are currently known as the Nobelium campaign.
Microsoft detects the 2020 SolarWinds supply chain attack implant and its other components as part of a campaign by the Nobelium activity group. Nobelium is the threat actor behind the attack against SolarWinds, which was previously referred to as Solorigate.
Nobelium silently added malicious code to legitimate software updates for Orion, which is IT monitoring software provided by SolarWinds. In this way, malicious dynamic link libraries (DLLs) were distributed to SolarWinds customers.
The following query locates malicious Nobelium-associated DLLs that have been created in the system or locally.
More Nobelium-related queries can be found listed under the See also section of this document.
References:
https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2020/12/13/customer-guidance-on-recent-nation-state-cyber-attacks/
https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/12/18/analyzing-solorigate-the-compromised-dll-file-that-started-a-sophisticated-cyberattack-and-how-microsoft-defender-helps-protect/
Microsoft detects the 2020 SolarWinds supply chain attack implant and its other components as part of a campaign by the Nobelium activity group. Nobelium is the threat actor behind the attack against SolarWinds, which was previously referred to as Solorigate.
Nobelium silently added malicious code to legitimate software updates for Orion, which is IT monitoring software provided by SolarWinds. In this way, malicious dynamic link libraries (DLLs) were distributed to SolarWinds customers.
The following query locates malicious Nobelium-associated DLLs that have been created in the system or locally.
More Nobelium-related queries can be found listed under the See also section of this document.
References:
https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2020/12/13/customer-guidance-on-recent-nation-state-cyber-attacks/
https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/12/18/analyzing-solorigate-the-compromised-dll-file-that-started-a-sophisticated-cyberattack-and-how-microsoft-defender-helps-protect/
The query digs in Windows print spooler drivers folder for any file creations,
MANY OF THE FILES THAT SHOULD COME UP HERE MAY BE LEGIT. Suspicious DLL is load from Spooler Service backup folder.
This behavior is used from PoC Exploit of CVE-2021-34527, CVE-2021-1675 or CVE-2022-21999.
MANY OF THE FILES THAT SHOULD COME UP HERE MAY BE LEGIT. Suspicious DLL is load from Spooler Service backup folder.
This behavior is used from PoC Exploit of CVE-2021-34527, CVE-2021-1675 or CVE-2022-21999.
Look for the creation of suspicious DLL files spawned in the \spool\ folder along with DLLs that were recently loaded afterwards from \Old.
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, WinRAR CVE-2018-20250 exploit
WinRAR is a third-party file compressing application. Versions 5.61 and earlier contained a flaw that could be exploited by an attacker to read and write to an arbitrary path on the target's system. This could be used to run arbitrary code, overwrite system files, or access sensitive information. This vulnerability was designated CVE-2018-20250, and it is associated an outdated version of the legacy ACE compression library, 'unacev2.dll'.
The following query detects possible CVE-2020-20250 exploitation by looking for files created in the Startup folder.
Reference - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-20250
WinRAR is a third-party file compressing application. Versions 5.61 and earlier contained a flaw that could be exploited by an attacker to read and write to an arbitrary path on the target's system. This could be used to run arbitrary code, overwrite system files, or access sensitive information. This vulnerability was designated CVE-2018-20250, and it is associated an outdated version of the legacy ACE compression library, 'unacev2.dll'.
The following query detects possible CVE-2020-20250 exploitation by looking for files created in the Startup folder.
Reference - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-20250
'This query identifies modifications to COM registry keys to point to executable files in C:\Windows\System32\spool\drivers\color\'
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, Emulation-evading JavaScripts.
Attackers in several ransomware campaigns have employed heavily obfuscated JavaScript code, in order to implant malware or execute malicious commands. The obfuscation is intended to help the code evade security systems and potentially escape sandbox environments.
The following query detects the creation of files with a .jse extension. Certain ransomware campaigns, such as Emotet, are known to employ encrypted JavaScript code that is saved to the target as .jse files.
See Detect potentially malicious .jse launch by File Explorer or Word for a similar technique.
Reference - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2017/11/06/mitigating-and-eliminating-info-stealing-qakbot-and-emotet-in-corporate-networks/
Attackers in several ransomware campaigns have employed heavily obfuscated JavaScript code, in order to implant malware or execute malicious commands. The obfuscation is intended to help the code evade security systems and potentially escape sandbox environments.
The following query detects the creation of files with a .jse extension. Certain ransomware campaigns, such as Emotet, are known to employ encrypted JavaScript code that is saved to the target as .jse files.
See Detect potentially malicious .jse launch by File Explorer or Word for a similar technique.
Reference - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2017/11/06/mitigating-and-eliminating-info-stealing-qakbot-and-emotet-in-corporate-networks/
This query is using the locations where malicious DLL images are often loaded from by regsvr32.dll and rundll32.exe.
Blog:
https://threathunt.blog/dll-image-loads-from-suspicious-locations-by-regsvr32-exe-rundll32-exe/
Blog:
https://threathunt.blog/dll-image-loads-from-suspicious-locations-by-regsvr32-exe-rundll32-exe/
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